Infant Language free essay sample

From the first days of life, babies attend to words and expressions, responding as well as their limited abilities allow—crying, cooing, and soon babbling. Before age 1, they understand simple words and communicate with gestures. At 1 year, most infants speak. Vocabulary accumulates slowly at first, but then more rapidly with the naming explosion and with the emergence of the holophrase and the two-word sentence. The impressive language learning of the first two years can be explained in many ways. One theory contends that caregivers must teach language, reinforcing the infant’s vocal expressions. Another theory relies on the idea of an inborn language acquisition device, a mental structure that facilitates the acquisition of language as soon as maturation makes that possible. A third theory stresses social interaction, implying that infants learn language because they are social beings. A hybrid model combines all three of these theories. Because infants vary in culture, learning style, and social context, the hybrid theory acknowledges that each of the other theories may have some validity at different points in the acquisition of language. We will write a custom essay sample on Infant Language or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Sensorimotor Intelligence 1. Piaget realized that very young infants are active learners, seeking to understand their complex observations and experiences. Adaptation in infancy is characterized by sensorimotor intelligence, the first of Piaget’s four stages of cognitive development. At every time of their lives, people adapt their thoughts to the experiences they have. 2. Sensorimotor intelligence develops in six stages—three pairs of two stages each—beginning with reflexes and ending with the toddler’s active exploration and use of mental combinations. In each pair of stages, development occurs in one of three types of circular reactions, or feedback loops, in which the infant takes in experiences and tries to make sense of them. 3. Reflexes provide the foundation for intelligence. The continual process of assimilation and accommodation is evident in the first acquired adaptations, from 1 to 4 months. The sucking reflex accommodates the particular nipples and other objects that the baby learns to suck. Over the next year, infants become more goal-oriented, creative, and experimental as â€Å"little scientists. 4. Infants gradually develop an understanding of objects in their first two years of life. As shown in Piaget’s classic experiment, infants understand object permanence and begin to search for hidden objects at about 8 months. Other research finds that Piaget underestimated the cognition of young infants. Information Processing 5. Another approach to understanding infant cognition is information-processing theory, whi ch looks at each step of the thinking process, from input to output. The perceptions of a young infant are attuned to the particular affordances, or opportunities for action, that are present in the infant’s world. 6. Objects that move are particularly interesting to infants, as are other humans. Objects as well as people afford many possibilities for interaction and perception, and therefore these affordances enhance early cognition. 7. Infant memory is fragile but not completely absent. Reminder sessions help trigger memories, and young brains learn motor sequences long before they can remember with words. Memory is multifaceted; explicit memories are rare in infancy. Language: What Develops in the First Two Years? 8. Eager attempts to communicate are apparent in the first year. Infants babble at about 6 to 9 months, understand words and gestures by 10 months, and speak their first words at about 1 year. 9. Vocabulary begins to build very slowly until the infant knows approximately 50 words. Then a naming explosion begins. Toward the end of the second year, toddlers begin putting two words together, showing by their word order that they understand the rudiments of grammar. 10. Various theories attempt to explain how infants learn language as quickly as they do. The three main theories emphasize different aspects of early language learning: that infants must be taught, that their brains are genetically attuned to language, and that their social impulses foster language learning. 11. Each of these theories seems partly true. The challenge for developmental scientists has been to formulate a hybrid theory that uses all the insights and research on early language learning. The challenge for caregivers is to respond appropriately to the infant’s early attempts to communicate.

Pearl Harbor free essay sample

The bombing of Pearl Harbor on December 7th, 1941 was by far one of the most devastating days for the United States during World War 2. Hundreds of men died that fateful day at the sea base along the cost of Hawaii. No one was expecting anything of this nature to happen and when it did, everyone was caught off guard. After the deed had been done the Japanese soon realized what a mistake they had made. Isoroku Yamanito quoted after the bombing, â€Å"I fear all we have done is awaken a sleeping giant and fill him with terrible resolve. † Little did he know the U.S was about to enter would War 2 all in the mindset to seek revenge for what has happened. In the quotation above the end word resolve probably means great anger and frustration. I can infer this for a few reasons. One is that usually when a person is to awaken a sleeping giant, the giant isn’t very happy. We will write a custom essay sample on Pearl Harbor or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Awakening the giant usually leads to the giant trying to kill whoever has awoken it from its slumber. The U. S. was more than likely filled with deep anger and frustration after the bombing. Many innocent lives were taken that day and revenge would be the only way to get back for what the Japanese had done. Another reason I can infer that the word resolve can mean great anger and frustration is that the U. S had little reason to go to war before the bombing. The Japanese bombing just added tension to al already stressful war situation of the U. S. The U. S. never wanted to enter the war so with japan bombing Pearl Harbor this was now the primary reason for them to enter the war. Many times after actions have happened, the person or group of people who took the action rethink their actions. This is what happened after the bombing of Pearl Harbor. Isoroku Yamanito, the leader of the Japanese army at the time, stated the above quote after the actions of the bombing had been taken. After the bombing he realized that it was a big mistake. One thing that could have gone through his mind was that America was better prepared to attack then they japan was to defend themselves. The U. S. was capable of mass producing products out of the simplest of objects. Take tin cans for example. Out of just simple tin cans Americans were able to create ammo, binoculars and weapon parts. Japan did not have these capabilities so they were on the under hand. Also Japan could have realized that The U.S. had better conformities with allies. Japan was more isolated so they didn’t have much back up from other countries. Lastly America also had the population and knowledge to be able to fight a long lasting war on Japanese turf and possibly make them surrender. The U. S. had done a lot of fight off of their home land in the First World War so they gained the knowledge to be able to fight long battles away from home. During World War 2 America showed many signs of resolve in their abilities and fighting styles. One is that America started forming new air force and navy groups with mixed racial populations. This shows resolve because it showed America would break old habits of racism just to win a war. They realized everyone had a common goal and that the more men they had the better of chance they had of winning the war. Another way that America showed resolves is that the brought women into the war. Women were allowed to go overseas to the battlefield as nurses to help wounded soldiers. This was new because women were never allowed to go overseas before to help in ay cause. Lastly America showed resolve in there relentless attacks on the enemy forces. Whenever they had the opportunity to take down anything from the enemy side they did whether it be a convoy of cars, a train or a small group of people. Resolve is shown in a many ways in a personal life. For example bullying, if a bully starts picking on a younger kid they may be hurt and or frustrated with the bully. If the kid decides that he is able to stand up to the bully he will do so until the bully stops picking on him. This is not only relative to Pearl Harbor but also to war it’s self. One side will be relentless in its efforts to stop the enemy until they surrender.

Report 1 Essays - Gay Men, , Term Papers, Research Papers

Report 1 On September 18, 2013 received a call at 2:45 PM to respond to a homicide at Horry Georgetown Technical College that a male victim had been shot and killed. I arrived at the scene at 2:46 PM and was notified by the initial responding officer that the victim was dead when he arrived and that nothing had been moved and altered, and that he had set up a perimeter and established a crime scene log when officer Scott arrived on scene he saw nobody leaving the scene. And that a student walking by heard what sounded like gunshots and called the police. The student had just left out of her 12:30 PM class. I relieved Officer Scott of his duties at the scene and verified perimeter and chain of custody was established. On my approach, I noticed the weather outside was overcast. Building 700 was constructed of tan brick on the outside and upon entering the room where the body was found, which was well lit by fluorescent lighting with no signs of a forced entry and the door open made the decision to use black powder to dust for fingerprints at a later time. The victim was lying with his head pointed toward the east wall flat on his back with his right arm extended above his head and with the left arm down beside his waist. The victim was a white male with black hair and brown eyes. The victim was wearing a white tee shirt with red jogging pants that had two stripes running down the side. The victim was wearing a pair of blue, white, gray Nike Air tennis shoes. Victim had no tattoos or scars exposed on arms, face, or neck. The victim had no rings or jewelry on hands, face, and neck. The body showed no signs of decomposition. Victim had four bullet wounds two in the head with one bullet wound being almost in the center of the forehead and the other being in the left temple region. Two bullet wounds to the chest region with one being a little below the chest to the right and the other around middle of the chest to the left. Blood flow pattern of wounds to the chest flowed toward the shoulders. The blood flow pattern of the bullet wounds in the forehead and temple flow downward toward the chin with the pool of blood behind the head suggesting a gunshot wound through with one of the casing able to be seen under the back of the head. They were four bullet casings in the floor one lay to the right of the body, one lay under the victim's head; two lay to the victims left. To the left of the victim observed shoe wear impressions in blood going in the west direction. The shoe wear impressions would need to be photographed. There was high-impact blood spatter on the east wall which is the direction the victims hea d pointed towards. The blood spatter would need to be Mapped and Photographed. Look for drivers license to identify the victim. The scene would need to have photographs taken from an Overall, Midrange, and Close-up range. The scene then would have to be sketched to show layout and orientation of landmarks and evidence. The evidence would have to be documented, collected, and processed. A spiral search of the room and secondary scenes would need to be performed to locate the weapon that was used during the shooting.

The Healthy Way to Live

The Healthy Way to Live Free Online Research Papers In America today, more people are becoming worried about how they look compared to what society portrays as â€Å"in shape† and healthy. On television and in the magazines, there are always headlines like, â€Å"lose twenty pounds in two weeks† or there is a picture of a person that is 132 pounds that is being called fat. Many people feel the pressure to be thin and in shape. It is widely known with many women that they feel that they need to be skinnier, have a flatter stomach, and be able to wear clothing that a flag pole cannot even fit in. Though, men feel the pressure as well. They feel the need to be as muscular as possible to compare to the societal view on good-looking men. This continuous feeling of not having the â€Å"perfect† body makes people feel uncomfortable in their own skin and those feelings plant a seed that makes those people try to get into shape. Though there are plenty of ways to make the weight come off and the muscles to start growing, most people do not want to take the time to do it in a healthy matter. Those people that feel they need to lose the weight right away turn to yo-yo dieting instead of just learning the correct way to eat and exercise. The healthy way to lose weight, keep it off, and build muscle is by maintaining a balanced diet and exercising regularly, not following dangerous diet habits. There are many ways that people feel pressured to make sure that they are a certain weight and pant size. Many magazines and television shows have brought to our attention that most of America is obese. This has a lot of people stressing about how much they weigh compared to the celebrities seen on most magazines and in the television screen. That is how a lot of magazines sell their issues; they put something about how to lose weight quickly. Even though these magazines, like Prevention, Weight Loss, Glamour, ect, say that it is perfectly healthy to lose a certain amount of weight in a certain time, if it is done incorrectly it is not healthy. Those get skinny quick articles have people losing mostly water weight and that weight can be gained back just as quickly as it was lost. There is a huge amount of celebrities that are critiqued about how much they weigh and whatever flaws they have that makes many of the normal, average people feel self conscience. This makes those people loo k for a way out of being obese and many of those people find comfort in bad dieting and diet pills. The first thing many people do when they decide to lose weight is try to find something, a magazine, a book, or go online, to help with the get skinny quick schemes. Many people for many years have made a lot of money through selling to people wanting to lose weight quickly. Suzanne Sommers, Anna Nicole Smith, Atkins Diet, South Beach Diet, Jorge Cruise, along with many magazines and online sites that have articles about losing weight are just a few of the many people and organizations that make money off of people wanting to lose weight. The problem that quite a few people run into is that they do not know how to diet appropriately and keep a balanced diet. To understand how to diet in a healthy way and keep away from the fad diets, one needs to understand what a diet is and how the diet works. According to â€Å"The World Book Encyclopedia†, the word diet means â€Å"the food and drink that a person takes regularly day after day† (Picciano 5: 199). It also explains that the word diet is referred to as â€Å"the amounts or kinds of food needed under special circumstances, such as losing or gaining weight† (Picciano 5: 200). There are many reasons that people believe that dieting means to stop eating or to really limit what is eaten. Also, many people associate the word diet with losing weight. As â€Å"The World Book Encyclopedia† has explained, diet is not a restriction specifically for losing weight. Dieting is a way of living. Being able to watch what is eaten and how much is eaten is a better way to live than to try and diet by means of being unhealthy. With many people trying to lose weight fast, they do not stop to think about the fact that being on a diet is about changing a lifestyle, and not just for a week or two. Many people do not realize that dieting is not just a weekly or bi weekly activity. There are a lot of crash, or yo-yo, diets out in books, magazines, and television, just to name a few. Those â€Å"diets† are not healthy and can cause many more problems than if a person was to just change the lifestyle in which they live by. According to the WomenFitness.net article, â€Å"The Outcomes of Yo-Yo Dieting†, yo-yo dieting is â€Å"strict dieting followed by a rebound in weight† (2; Para. 5). Throughout the article, it explains the outcomes of bad dieting and then explains how to better the dieting experience by changing the lifestyle of food and exercise. There are many credible sources that have examples and suggestions, as well as important facts, about dieting and fitness. Yo-yo dieting is just as dangerous as being obese and is not a healthy life style. According to the article on Womensfitness.net, yo-yo dieting causes many healthy problems that can worsen body weight every time a person’s weight goes up and down. When a person loses weight, the weight is lost in a mixture of fat and muscle. When that person stops the diet after a short amount of time and gains the previous weight back, the weight comes back as more fat than muscle previously lost. When this fat comes back, it tends to grow around the stomach area, which is one of the hardest places to lose the weight once it is there (1; Para 1). When someone has many repeat attempts at yo-yo dieting, it has a psychological toll. The person that â€Å"fails† a â€Å"diet†, may feel as though they are a failure at losing weight and many of those people begin to lose their good self-esteem and some even slip into depression (1; Para 3). There are quite a few people in America that are, or feel, like they are overweight. Those people tend to have a hard time feeling comfortable in public, or even in private, about how they look. This causes those people to not be comfortable in their own skin, which is a huge self-esteem breaker. Though self-esteem can normally be fixed with the appropriate action, whether it is counseling or losing the weight the healthy way for long term, yo-yo dieting can create more problems that cannot be as easily fixed. Having an up and down in weight also affects the immune system. According to the article, â€Å"Women who have tried losing weight more than five times will have about a third lower natural-killer-cell function. In contrast, women who maintain the same weight for five or more years have 40 percent greater natural-killer-cell activity as those who do not have a steady weight† (1; Para 4). This shows how bad it can be to have fluctuating weight compared to having a stable weight, even if it happens to be a little overweight. Of course, it is not recommended to not have a good diet. Even more than having a weaker immune system, yo-yo dieting can increase the chance for other health problems as well. This list includes, but is not limited to, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and gallbladder disease (1; Para 5). In order to stay healthy, the best bet is to not rely on quick fixes and instead diet the correct way first, or to fix the problem as soon as it is realized and deter mined to be a problem. When deciding that it is time to lose weight, the healthy way, and keep it off, the most important thing to know is that it will not be easy, but can be done. The American Heart Association came out with a book in 2005 called â€Å"No-Fad Diet†. Throughout this book, it explains how to live while dieting and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. One of the first things that this book explains is that losing weight without a little help can be really hard, especially if losing weight does not work the first time or two. The opening paragraph states, â€Å"There’s no point in feeling bad about yourself, because the truth is, losing weight is not easy. No magic formula will trim away extra pounds and keeping them off† (Introduction xi). One of the best ways to start losing weight is to be in the right frame of mind. That is a key point to happily lose weight and keep ahead of the stress to come. Have you ever been out at dinner and eaten way more than you should have and then mentally beaten yourself up for it? This is the time to think smart and not mentally kill yourself over a handful of extra food that should not have been eaten. Smart thinking is about finding ways to deal with thoughts that lead you away from your goals. The American Heart Association makes it a point of explaining how to think smart. That dinner that you have over eaten may make you react a number of different ways. It could be thinking something like, â€Å"I give up! I am horrible at losing weight,† or something like, â€Å"I might as well eat two desserts! Then I’ll get back on track on Monday† (3). This is not the way to act when you let yourself get off track for a meal. The best thing to do would be to pick up right there at that moment and believe that you will succeed. Once you have it set in your mind that you can and will succeed, the only place to go from there is upwards. One really good way to start getting into a habit for losing weight is making a schedule. According to the American Heart Association, it is â€Å"good planning, not sheer willpower, is the key to losing weight for good† (2). As previously explained, the first step to becoming a healthy person is to get your mind in the right spot. The second would be to set goals. The American Heart Association makes it a point to people to set goals that are â€Å"reasonable and realistic† so you do not set yourself up for failure (5). Create short-term milestones that will allow you to feel as though you are getting somewhere during the beginning of this new lifestyle. These milestones will make the first days or maybe even weeks feel worthwhile since it may be a week or two before any weight results are seen. Also, create long-term goals. These goals are the ones that will be the goals that you have to work at pretty hard and consistently, which means creating a schedule for workouts or physical activities and meals may be considered a good idea. â€Å"You won’t become proficient unless you put the words into action on a daily basis,† is how the American Heart Association believes that habits are built. Good habits allow for fewer lapses away from the right track and helps keep a good outlook on the progress made and the progress that is still wanted to be made. When a diet is considered healthy and consistent it is considered a balanced diet. â€Å"The World Book Encyclopedia† states that a balanced diet â€Å"contains all the food elements needed to keep healthy† (Picciano 5:199). A balanced diet is normally based off of the food pyramid. The food pyramid explains what group of food should have what amount of servings. The â€Å"American Dietetic Association Complete Food and Nutrition Guide† written by Roberta Duyft, has a food pyramid that breaks down the categories and serving sizes. This is the food pyramid from Duyft’s book. The base of the pyramid is bread, cereal, rice and pasta group. There is a serving size of six to eleven servings. The best thing to do with the base would be to â€Å"choose a variety of grains daily, especially whole grains† (11). According to Duyft, the reason that the grain products are at the base of the pyramid is because of â€Å"their complex carbohydrates should supply most of your food energy† (11). These are important because in order for a person to have physical activity, they need energy which comes a lot in part by eating carbohydrates. The next part of the pyramid includes the vegetable and fruit groups. The vegetable group should be three to five servings where as the fruit group should be two to four servings (11). The next two groups are milk, yogurt, and cheese group, as well as the meat, poultry, fish, dry beans, eggs, and nuts group. The serving size for the milk group is two to three servings. The meat group should have two to three servings as well (11). Most people grow up with at least seeing the pyramid even if they did not fully understand it. This is one of the best ways to make sure that you keep on track with a diet. The balanced diet is based off of the food pyramid. If the food pyramid is followed, along with some regular exercise, weight should be easier to lose and keep it lost as long as this new lifestyle stays around. Exercise, as well as eating right, is a key in the success to being at a healthy weight. Jorge Cruise has a book out, â€Å"The 3-Hour Diet†, and even though his book is about another â€Å"quick fix† and should not be taken seriously, his ideas on exercise is really smart. He brings up the point that exercising allows the calories that are in a person’s system to be used which stops those calories from turning into fat (213). He makes a point of saying that even something as simple as walking is a smart idea when other activities are not able to be done. Cruise also brings up the fact that a lot of physical activities that use to be done on a daily basis have been replaced by modern day technology. Walking, running, and bicycling have been replaced by driving or riding in a vehicle. Stairs have been replaced by elevators. Playing sports have been replaced by television and playing games (223). The main thing to remember is eat healthy and with some exercise, bec oming the size and being healthy is right around the corner. According to Crawford and Peeke, who wrote â€Å"Body For Life For Women†, the goal should be to â€Å"shoot for progress and not perfection† (189). Yo-yo dieting is not the answer to wanting to be in shape and healthy. Eating right and exercising is the best lifestyle to becoming healthy. Also, the key to success is not just in actually losing weight, but also in the building of self-esteem and self-confidence. That is truly the key to succeeding at being healthy. Crawford, Cindy, and Pam Peeke. Body For Life For Women. NY: Rodale Pr, 2005. Cruise, Jorge. The 3-Hour Diet. New York, NY: HarperCollins Publishers Inc, 2005. Duyft, Roberta Larson. American Dietetic Association Complete Food and Nutrition Guide. 2nd ed. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Son’s, Inc. 2002. No-Fad Diet. 1st ed. NY: Clarkson Potter/Publishers, 2005. Outcomes of Yo-Yo Dieting. June 2008. June 21, 2009. Picciano, Mary Frances. â€Å"Diet†. The World Book Encyclopedia. 2nd ed. 2009. 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Fundementals of finance Math Problem Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Fundementals of finance - Math Problem Example The same goes for stock b. By adding the product of the proportion and the return of these two stocks that form the combination, we get the portfolio return of 24.4% In order to get the risk of the combination of projects a and b, we use the formula for 'p=sqrt (wa2'a2 + wb2'b2 + 2wawb'ab'a'b), where we get the products of the variances of the proportions and the individual risks, adding them and adding them to the last figure which incorporates their correlation. With projects a and b's correlation of 0.7, we get a risk of .081191. By applying the same formula for projects b and c, we get the portfolio return of 29.2%, higher than the combination of projects a and b. The portfolio standard deviation on the other hand is 0.119917-the higher risk accompanying the higher expected return for the portfolio. Combinations of projects b and d have the highest return at 31.6%, with the highest risk of .120216 compared to the other two combinations. This higher return, when expected to have a drastic counterpart in the increase in risk is offset by the correlation of the two projects. This combination offers the lowest correlation at 0.3, which means that the projects' returns are not strongly correlated to the movement of the other, although the positive sign of correlation suggests the same direction of the two stocks in terms of movement. Recommendation The four projects offer seven possible combinations; however, because these projects are indivisible, the only three possible combinations left which are possible within the 2,000,000 limit are the combinations a and b, b and c, and b and d. These three combinations are assessed according to their returns and risks, measuring the returns by getting the proportion and weighted return, and then getting the risk by getting the portfolio standard deviation. Because the investors require a minimum return of 25%, combination of projects a and b is already eliminated from the choices.

Cultural Diversity 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Cultural Diversity 2 - Essay Example (Gay, 2003). There is no one single definition of labeling. It is a form of differentiation through which people try to identify and group people with any similarity they may have. (Diller, 2004). However, labeling never leaves a positive impact on the person being labeled since it a one of the major forms of prejudice and discrimination. (Hudak, Kihn, 2001). Moreover, labeling is judgmental. (Gallozzi, 2009). The people being labeled are judged and evaluated in relation to the specific stigma attached to them and become stereotyped. Labeling usually starts with a description and then turns into a stigma later on. (Gallozzi, 2009). For example, Harry always scores good at his tests so based on this fact, it can be said that Harry is intelligent. Here, â€Å"intelligent† is a description. However, if he keeps on scoring good, many people at his school would start calling him a â€Å"nerd† and would start associating everything with him that are thought to be associated with a nerd. Eventually, even the people who don’t know him and haven’t even talked to him once would start judging him based on other peoples’ judgments and harry would be socially known as a â€Å"nerd† even if he is not. This is a label. (Diller, 2004). The most common way of labeling people is through their personal attributes and habits, nationality, religion, culture, ethnicity, etc. (Hudak, Kihn, 2001). People tend to label those who are different from them. (Gay, 2003). It is a part of human psyche to group things and people together and then regard them as the same in order to prevent mental clutter. (Gallozzi, 2009). They prefer to attach similar characteristics and attributes to the entire group of people and things that they have created in their minds so that they do not have to think about every single member of the group individually. In this act of grouping, people often engage in stereotyping and discrimination and most of all, labeling. (All

Vidoe analyze Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Vidoe analyze - Essay Example The Maori people, a minority group from New Zealand, use tribal tattoos not only as a form of identity, but also as a show of one’s social status in the society. According to them, ones Moko designs improved one’s stature and indicated their shift in status quo. On the utmost point, the Moko designs also declared the holy nature of leadership as performed by the elders (Ellis 185). Maori health tattoos were used to maintain ones youthful nature, especially girls would tattoo their chin and lips so that incase ones eyesight would fail at any point, he/she would repeat the tattooing again in order to see well. According to the two YouTube videos I have watched, the Maori people are proud of who they are and are glad that the Moko designs are now widely spreading. For instance, vacationers visit the area to see them and learn more about the tattoos. Although it had started dying by the coming of the church and Christianity, it has been resurrected by those proud of the culture and the women are trying to uphold it by educating their children and grandchildren about the Moko and the beliefs of the Maori (Ellis 175). They say it identifies you and people need not ask who you are, where you come from and what language you speak anymore. They are proud of themselves and the sense of satisfaction that comes with being a Maori. They even insist the Tatau and Moko designs have created a spirit of unity and brotherhood in them as it gives them a sense of belonging and sweeps away the fear that they have been concealed as a minority. In my own opinion, I feel that since the Moko are used as an identity mark, the non-Maoris should not be allowed to get the Moko because it is a tribal tattoo and only the Maoris have the right to their specific patterns and art forms. Besides, although most non-Maoris are getting the Mokos on their bodies and